All English lessons

Find, sequence and summarise

Hi, I am Bea! Find an exact detail, put events in order and tell the main idea without retelling everything. Start here before ENG-02. Foundation to core; Years 3–5 with support as needed.

Read first

Original reading text. Use the paragraph or line labels to find evidence.

The unopened envelope

P1.1 By half past nine, the village hall smelled of damp coats and orange peel. Leena stood beside a table of donated books, arranging the same three paperbacks into a straighter line. Inside her cardigan pocket, an envelope pressed against her wrist. She had written “For the hall roof” on it before breakfast. Now the words seemed rather grand for the few coins inside.

P1.2 Across the room, Mr Bell balanced a bucket beneath a dark patch in the ceiling. A drop struck its metal bottom with a sharp ping. He looked up, then shifted the bucket a little to the left. Beside him, a poster showed the hall as it had looked sixty years earlier: new windows, bright doors and a crowd waving at the photographer.

P1.3 “You can put your donation in the tin,” said her brother Arun. Leena nodded, but her hand stayed in her pocket. A woman near the entrance dropped in a folded note. Leena began rearranging the books again.

P1.4 Then a boy in a red hat came to the table. He counted out six copper coins, slowly, and pushed them towards the tin. One rolled beneath a chair. Before Leena could move, Mr Bell bent to retrieve it. “We need that one too,” he said, smiling. He thanked the boy as carefully as if he had handed over a treasure chest.

P1.5 Leena drew out her envelope. Its corner was soft now, creased where she had rubbed it. She placed it beside the tin and began to explain how little it held. Mr Bell shook his head. “A roof is made of lots of small tiles,” he said. “We aren't waiting for one enormous tile.”

P1.6 When the next drop rang out, Leena no longer heard an accusation. She picked up the smallest paperback and carried it to the display by the door. “This one's very funny,” she told a customer. Behind her, the tin gave a cheerful rattle.

Short lesson

Retrieval means finding information the writer gives you. First notice the question word: who, where, when or what. Then scan for a useful name or key word and reread the whole sentence. A nearby detail may be true but still answer a different question.

Sequence means the order of events. Words such as before and then help, but you may need to follow events across paragraphs. The order in which a question lists events is not necessarily their order in the story.

A summary keeps the important events or ideas and leaves out small details. Ask: Who is the focus? What problem matters? What changes? A short summary should still make sense to someone who has not just read the story. It should not add a new event or your own opinion.

Worked example

Question: What is Mr Bell using to catch the water?

  1. Look for Mr Bell and the water in P1.2.
  2. The paragraph says he balanced a bucket beneath the dark patch.
  3. Answer: A bucket. The poster is also in that paragraph, but it is not catching water.

For a one-sentence summary of P1.2: “Mr Bell catches a leak while an old photograph shows the hall when it was new.” The bucket's exact sound is unnecessary for that summary.

Common mistakes

Copying a whole paragraph is not a summary. Equally, “A girl goes to a hall” misses the story's important change. Use only enough detail to answer the question.

Try it

Have a go on paper or say your answer aloud, then open the answer.

  1. Foundation

    Where has Leena written the words “For the hall roof”?

    Show answer 1

    On the envelope. P1.1 states that she wrote the words on it before breakfast. Her pocket is where the envelope is kept, not where the words are written.

  2. Foundation

    In P1.4, where does one of the boy's coins roll?

    Show answer 2

    Beneath a chair (P1.4). Accept “under a chair”. “Under the table” is not the detail given.

  3. Core

    Put these events in story order: A. Leena offers a book to a customer. B. Mr Bell retrieves a coin. C. Arun suggests using the tin. D. Leena takes out her envelope.

    Show answer 3

    C, B, D, A. Arun's suggestion is in P1.3, the coin is retrieved in P1.4, the envelope is produced in P1.5 and the book is offered in P1.6.

  4. Core

    Which is the best summary of P1? Choose one and explain what is wrong with one other option.

    • A. A girl learns that a small donation can help and becomes more confident about contributing.
    • B. A boy repairs a roof after finding a valuable coin.
    • C. A girl discovers that every donated book is funny.
    • D. A hall closes because nobody brings any money.
    Show answer 4

    A. It captures the central change. B invents a repaired roof and a valuable coin; C generalises one recommendation to every book; D contradicts the donations and invents a closure. Explaining any one of those errors meets the second part.

  5. Stretch

    Summarise P1.3 to P1.5 in no more than 35 words. Include Leena's hesitation and the event that helps her act. This is a practice word limit, not an exam rule.

    Show answer 5

    Example: “Leena hesitates over her small donation, but seeing Mr Bell value a boy's last coin helps her offer the envelope; he reassures her that small contributions matter.” Accept a summary within 35 words that keeps the hesitation, the boy/Mr Bell event and Leena's action. No need to copy the model. An answer only about the leaking roof misses the specified paragraphs' focus.

Printable revision box

Use your browser’s Print command to print this box or save it as a PDF. Practice answers stay off the printout.

Bea’s tip: Find the question word, reread the whole sentence, then keep only the detail you need.

Remember

  • Find: scan for a name or key word, then reread the sentence.
  • Sequence: follow time clues across paragraphs.
  • Summarise: keep the central problem and change; leave out minor details.

Check yourself

Can you point to the sentence that supports a retrieval answer? Can you explain why your summary keeps the central change? Now open the answers above and discuss your choices.